Fractions : Reminder

  1. Definition

    2. For any pair of integers a, b with b not zero, the ratio a:b is called a fraction the ratio a:b, it is denoted `a/b`, a is called the numerator and b the denominator.

    A fraction is also called a rational number.

    • Note :`a/b`=a:b
    • Example :`1/2` = 1:2 = 0,5

  2. Simplifying a fraction

    3. To simplify a fraction we start by decomposing the numerator and denominator into a product of prime numbers. When the same number appears in both the numerator and denominator, we can simplify the fraction.

    Example : `56/32` = `(2*2*2*7)/(2*2*2*2*2)` = `7/4`

  3. Irreducible fraction

    4. A fraction is said to be irreducible if its numerator and denominator are prime to each other To put a fraction into its irreducible form sous sa forme irréductible, we divide the numerator and denominator by their gcd .

  4. Equal fractional writing

    • When we multiply the numerator and denominator of a fractional writing by the same non-zero number, we obtain a fractional writing that is equal to it.
    • When you divide the numerator and denominator of a fractional number by the same non-zero number, you get a fractional number that is equal to it.

  5. Fraction comparison

    • Equality of fractions

      • Two fractions are equal if it is possible to go from one to the other by multiplying or dividing the numerator and denominator by the same number.

    • Fractions have the same denominator

      • Simply compare the numerators.

    • Fractions have the same numerators

      • The largest is the one with the smallest numerator.

    • Fractions have different numerators and denominators

      • We return to the case where the denominators are equal by applying the equality condition of a fraction.

    These are the calculation techniques that the fraction comparator will use in this example to compare the fractions `19/11` and `13/7`.

  6. Adding fractions with the same denominator

    7. The sum of two fractions with the same denominator has the same denominator, so its numerator is equal to the sum of the numerators.

    Therefore, we have the formula:`a/k+b/k=(a+b)/k`

    The following example : `1/3+4/3` shows how to add two fractions that have the same numeratorr.

  7. Adding fractions with different denominators

    8. We reduce the fractions to the same denominator, to get back to the case of adding fractions with the same denominator.

  8. Subtraction of fractions with the same denominator

    9. The difference of two fractions with the same denominator has the same denominator, its numerator is equal to the difference of the numerators.

    Therefore, we have the formula:`a/k-b/k=(a-b)/k`

    The following example: `4/3-2/3` shows how to subtract two fractions that have the same numerator.

  9. Subtracting fractions with different denominators

    10. We reduce the fractions to the same denominator, to get back to the case of subtracting fractions with the same denominator.

  10. Product of fractions

    11. The product of two fractions is equal to the product of the numerators over the product of the denominators.

    Example :

    `3/4*7/3` = `21/12`

    The following example `3/4*7/5` : shows how to multiply two fractions.

  11. Division of fractions

    12. Dividing by a fraction is the same as multiplying by the inverse of that fraction, using this rule it is possible to turn a fraction quotient into a fraction product and apply the rules for simplifying a product of fractions.

    Example:`(-8/3)/(2/3)` = `-8/3*3/2` = `-8/2` = -4

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